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Architecture
Architecture Overview
Understand the system design, layers, and how components interact.
System Architecture
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Client (React) │
│ ┌──────────┐ ┌──────────┐ ┌──────────────────┐ │
│ │ Pages │ │Components│ │ Contexts │ │
│ │ (Lazy) │ │ (UI) │ │ (Auth/Notif/Nav) │ │
│ └────┬─────┘ └──────────┘ └────────┬─────────┘ │
│ │ │ │
│ ┌────▼──────────────────────────────▼─────────┐ │
│ │ Services / API Layer │ │
│ └────────────────┬────────────────────────────┘ │
└───────────────────┼──────────────────────────────┘
│ HTTP / REST
┌───────────────────▼──────────────────────────────┐
│ Express.js Server │
│ ┌──────────┐ ┌──────────┐ ┌──────────────────┐ │
│ │ Routes │ │Middleware│ │ Controllers │ │
│ │ │ │Auth/RBAC │ │ │ │
│ └────┬─────┘ └──────────┘ └────────┬─────────┘ │
│ │ │ │
│ ┌────▼──────────────────────────────▼─────────┐ │
│ │ Models (Mongoose/MongoDB) │ │
│ └─────────────────────────────────────────────┘ │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────┘Application Layers
Presentation Layer
- • React Pages (Lazy Loaded)
- • Reusable UI Components (shadcn/ui)
- • Framer Motion Animations
- • Responsive Tailwind CSS Layouts
State & Context Layer
- • AuthContext — Authentication state
- • UserContext — User profile data
- • NotificationContext — Real-time alerts
- • NavigationContext — Route management
Service Layer
- • API Service (Axios/Fetch)
- • Auth API — Login, Register, Token Refresh
- • Role API — RBAC Management
- • Certificate Service — PDF Generation
Backend Layer
- • Express.js REST API
- • Route → Middleware → Controller Pattern
- • JWT Authentication + RBAC
- • Rate Limiting & Input Validation
Data Layer
- • MongoDB with Mongoose ODM
- • User, Project, Application Models
- • Role & Permission Models
- • File & Content Models
Security Layer
- • Helmet.js — HTTP Security Headers
- • CORS Configuration
- • Mongo Sanitize — NoSQL Injection Prevention
- • Rate Limiting — DDoS Protection
Project Structure
src/ ├── pages/ # Page components (lazy loaded) ├── components/ # Reusable UI components │ └── ui/ # shadcn/ui primitives ├── contexts/ # React context providers ├── hooks/ # Custom React hooks ├── services/ # API service layer ├── layouts/ # Layout wrappers ├── data/ # Static JSON data ├── utils/ # Utility functions └── types/ # TypeScript type definitions server/ ├── routes/ # API route definitions ├── controllers/ # Request handlers ├── middleware/ # Auth, validation, rate limiting ├── models/ # Mongoose/MongoDB models ├── config/ # Database, logger, multer config ├── seeds/ # Database seed scripts └── validators/ # Input validation schemas